How do wind power substations work with wind turbines?

Wind power substation plays an important role in wind power generation system. It works closely with wind turbines to ensure the effective transmission and stable supply of electric energy. Wind turbines are responsible for converting wind energy into electric energy, while substations undertake key tasks such as voltage regulation, energy transmission, and grid connection control, so that wind power generation systems can operate efficiently and safely.
When the wind speed is suitable, the wind turbine drives the generator to operate through the rotation of the wind rotor to generate electric energy. The voltage of this electric energy is usually low and cannot be directly transmitted to the power grid. It needs to be boosted before it can be transmitted stably. One of the main functions of the substation is to increase the voltage to a level suitable for long-distance transmission. In this process, the boosting equipment in the substation will increase the electric energy output by the wind turbine to a suitable voltage level according to the requirements of the power grid, and maintain the stability of the output to avoid the impact of voltage fluctuations on the power grid.
Wind power generation is affected by changes in wind speed, and the output power has a certain degree of volatility. In order to ensure a smooth supply of electric energy, the substation is equipped with corresponding regulation and control systems. These systems can monitor the operating status of wind turbines in real time and adjust them according to the needs of the power grid. For example, when the wind speed is high and the power generation is high, the substation can optimize the power output by adjusting the equipment parameters; when the wind speed is low or unstable, the substation can coordinate the energy storage equipment or adjust the power output to reduce the impact on the power grid to a lower level. In addition, the substation can also cooperate with the operation strategy of the wind turbine to ensure the overall coordination of the wind farm, so that the operation of each wind turbine remains in a better state.
The wind power substation not only undertakes the task of transmitting electric energy, but also has protection and safety management functions. During the operation of the wind turbine, if abnormal conditions such as current overload and short circuit occur, the substation can quickly detect and take corresponding measures, such as cutting off the faulty equipment and adjusting the power transmission path, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. In addition, the substation is also equipped with lightning protection, insulation monitoring and other systems, which can effectively reduce the impact of the natural environment on the equipment and improve the reliability of the wind power generation system.
In the process of wind power grid connection, the substation plays a vital role. The power grid has strict requirements on the quality of electric energy, including voltage stability and frequency matching. Wind power substations need to optimize and adjust the power output of wind turbines to meet the requirements of the power grid. For example, before connecting to the grid, the substation will synchronize the power of the wind farm to ensure that the frequency of the power grid and the wind power generation system are consistent, thereby ensuring smooth access to the grid.